In the capital of Finland – Helsinki
For a very long time, the Finnish people tried to unravel the mystery of the origin of the Finns. Many hypotheses were considered. Elias Lönnrot insisted that the roots of the Finns should be sought in the Caucasus, while philologist Matthias Castrén, having studied the Finnish language, concluded that the descendants of the Finns were actually Tatars and Turks. Quite recently, the riddle was solved. It turns out that Finns belong to the Indo-European family (like Germans or French). But their language belongs to the Uralic group.
Today, Finland is thriving as a result of its people's great efforts. After all, it is almost always cold here, and the land is barren. The Finns themselves are the creators of their nation and their country. And they are proud of it. The reason lies not only in modern advanced technologies, but first and foremost in love for their country, which has led it to prosperity.
The history of Finland has deep roots. The first mentions of people inhabiting the current territories of Finland date back to the 8th-9th millennia BC. It is assumed that people came here from two directions: across the Gulf of Finland and across the Karelian Isthmus. The Finns are first mentioned in the works of the Roman historian Tacitus (2nd century AD) and the Greek scholar Ptolemy (2nd century).
In the 9th-11th centuries, southern Finland was located on the important trade route 'from the Varangians to the Greeks.' And today, one cannot but note the successes of the Finns in the development of trade, large shopping centers and stores in Finland. Around this period, social stratification among the Finns began. This is confirmed by archaeological data.
The name 'Finland' itself first appeared on a map in 1493. In 1523, a church reform was carried out. Many lands were taken from the Catholic Church.
In the 17th century, Finland was the poorest province of Sweden. At the beginning of the century, a war was fought on the territory of Finland between Sweden and Russia called the Northern War. This caused significant damage to the country's economy and contributed to the impoverishment of the Finnish population. The results of the Northern War are known – Russia's victory was crushing for Sweden. The southeast of Finland came under Russian possession.
Due to the fact that the capital of the Russian Empire was moved to St. Petersburg, the strategic importance of Finland grew. As a result of the Russo-Swedish War of 1808-1809, Finland came under Russia and had the status of a grand duchy. And finally, after long wars, peace reigned in the country. At this time, an economic and cultural upsurge began in the country. The list of cities in Finland was expanded with new names list of cities in Finland, the population of these cities gradually increased. The grand duchy had its own parliament, Diet, government, judicial and executive bodies.
The second half of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century were marked by the agrarian movement in Finland.
On December 6, Finland's independence was proclaimed. In 1919, the Constitution that is still in force today was adopted, in which Finland is a democratic state with a market economy.
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