Different types of tents are designed for different purposes
A tent is one of the most important parts of any hike. To understand what a tourist tent is, and most importantly, to choose one, let's first understand the main thing: why?!
What kind of hike are you going on? If with climbers, then you need high-altitude tents. They have high wind resistance, great rigidity, good weight. Yes, of course, in most cases such a tent is not needed, but for difficult and heavy hikes it is ideal (and not only in the mountains). Note that such tents are set up, particularly, in base camps, so it is not very well suited for constant carrying in conditions where an intermediate camp is not set up at all.
If you're just going fast and far, then you need an assault tent. They are significantly lighter for obvious reasons, plus have all the necessary properties: ability to protect from wind, moisture and rain.
Strictly speaking, there are two more types of tents: for mid-altitude and for plains. The former are intended for medium-weight hikes in conditions where you won't encounter a storm, hurricane wind that could blow the tent away, and your companions are not so prepared. Such tents are much more comfortable, but often heavier. As for plains tents, they are simply intended for picnic hikes, a "weekend tour" or the idea of "sitting with a guitar on the shore".
If you are going to "walk" with a large group, then you need camping tents. Of course, their weight is already very large, you can't really carry them on your shoulders, but they are tall and comfortable. You can put a table in them, make a dining room, cook lunch, and even accommodate the whole company. Such tents are purchased in two cases: if you are going on a car trip, i.e., the tent will ride in the car, and if you are going to set up a tent camp. By the way, often you can come to camping sites and just rent a tent there, but you need to make sure they are available and suit you. The fact is that in Russian tourism, unfortunately, they don't care too much about hygiene and cleanliness in such tents. So it's better to have your own, and you can set it up at such a site for a small fee.
Sometimes you can get by with just a tarp. A tarp is a large lightweight tent that will protect you from rain and wind. It is not intended for overnight stays (although anything happens), but it is ideal for a "barbecue", "shashlik" or some "pioneer outing".
_