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Equipment that converts the mechanical energy of motor motion into electrical energy is called an electric generator. The choice of one type or another depends on the tasks to be solved.
Synchronous Electric Generator
The device of such an apparatus has a special armature, to whose windings electric current is supplied. By increasing or decreasing its parameters, we influence the magnetic field. As a result, the voltage at the starter output changes. Since a synchronous electric generator is able not to react to short-term overloads, its performance is high.
However, such electrical equipment also has its drawbacks. As is known, current is supplied to the rotating engine, which uses a brush assembly. During operation with sufficiently high current readings, primarily during overloads, the brushes quickly heat up, causing them to fail over time. As a result, they no longer fit the commutator as well, the active resistance increases, leading to strong heating of the assembly. Sparks may also occur, which contribute to radio interference.
In order to increase the service life of such equipment, it is necessary to periodically monitor the condition of the assembly and timely clean or replace its components. Experts recommend after such replacement to allow some time for them to 'run in' to the commutator, and only then start operation at full power. It should be noted that some recent models of such equipment have brushless systems, therefore they are considered better for use.
Asynchronous Electric Generator
Such an apparatus has no windings on the rotor. To obtain electromotive force, residual magnetization of the armature is used. Based on the design of such a generator, one can clearly note that it is more reliable in operation, simpler, and more durable. In addition, the need to reduce the temperature of the windings disappears because they are absent. Therefore, the housing can be made sealed, preventing debris or water from entering the device.
Asynchronous electric generators also have their drawbacks. It is more difficult to regulate a stable output voltage than in synchronous ones. Upon reaching a certain critical current value in the windings, the rotor begins to demagnetize.
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